Deciphering Bursitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Management Strategies

Bursitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that cushion and lubricate the joints throughout the body. When the bursae become inflamed, it can result in pain, swelling, and limited mobility in the affected area.

Understanding Bursitis:

Bursae are located at key points where tendons or muscles glide over bones, serving to reduce friction and facilitate smooth movement. However, repetitive movements, overuse, trauma, or underlying medical conditions can irritate the bursae, leading to inflammation and bursitis.

Common Causes of Bursitis:

Repetitive Motion: Activities or occupations that involve repetitive movements, such as gardening, painting, or playing musical instruments, can increase the risk of developing bursitis due to constant friction and pressure on the bursae.

Trauma or Injury: Direct trauma or sudden impact to a joint can cause inflammation of the bursae, leading to acute bursitis. This can occur from falls, sports injuries, or accidents.

Poor Posture or Biomechanics: Incorrect body mechanics, such as improper lifting techniques or prolonged sitting in a poor posture, can place undue stress on the joints and bursae, predisposing them to inflammation and bursitis.

Underlying Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or infection, can increase the risk of developing bursitis. These conditions may predispose individuals to inflammation and compromise the immune response, leading to bursitis.

Signs and Symptoms of Bursitis:

The symptoms of bursitis can vary depending on the affected joint and the severity of inflammation. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Pain, tenderness, or aching sensation in the affected joint

• Swelling or redness over the bursa

• Limited range of motion or stiffness in the joint

• Warmth or fever if the bursitis is caused by an infection.

Management and Treatment:

The management of bursitis typically involves a combination of conservative measures to alleviate symptoms and promote healing. These may include:

Rest and Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms and allowing the affected joint to rest can help reduce inflammation and prevent further irritation of the bursae.

Ice Therapy: Applying ice packs to the affected area for 15-20 minutes several times a day can help reduce pain and swelling associated with bursitis.

Pain Relief Medications: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen may be recommended to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.

Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can prescribe specific exercises to improve flexibility, strengthen surrounding muscles, and promote proper biomechanics to prevent recurrent bursitis episodes.

Steroid Injections: In cases of severe or persistent bursitis, a healthcare provider may recommend corticosteroid injections directly into the affected bursa to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.

Infection Management: If bursitis is caused by an underlying infection, antibiotics or drainage of the infected bursa may be necessary to treat the infection and prevent complications.

While bursitis may not always be preventable, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their risk:

• Practice proper ergonomics and body mechanics during daily activities.

• Avoid overuse or repetitive motions that can strain the joints and bursae.

• Warm up before engaging in physical activity and incorporate stretching exercises to maintain joint flexibility.

• Use protective equipment or padding when participating in sports or activities that carry a risk of joint injury.

Bursitis is a common condition that can cause pain and discomfort in affected joints, impacting daily activities and quality of life. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and management strategies for bursitis, individuals can take proactive steps to prevent and address this condition effectively. If you're experiencing persistent or severe symptoms of bursitis, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation and personalized treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

Dr. Schottenstein is one of the top pain management doctors in NY. If you are in the New York City or Miami area and would like to discuss Bursitis and treatment options, connect with the NY Spine Medicine team.